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An integrated ecosystem assessment framework as developed within the ESMERALDA project. Drafted by Brown et al. (2018) based on Burkhard et al. (2018) and the 2nd MAES report (EC 2014). The core of the framework is built up from elements from the Burkhard et al. (2018) framework: identification and mapping of ecosystem type (orange), ecosystem condition (purple) and ecosystem services (red). These are placed within a broader set of assessment activities (white) such as 'understanding plausible futures' and 'assessing policy responses' that can enhance understanding of the diverse values and benefits provided by ecosystem services. Integration can happen at different levels within an assessment and practitioners can use the framework to assist identification of where and when this integration might occur. The framework can provide guidance to practitioners as to the distinct elements and/or activities they will integrate, depending on their needs. The green box suggests different types of interactions between elements of the ecosystem assessment that practitioners might want to consider. This will enable the characterisation of trade-offs, synergies and consequences for human well-being.
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