Woody plants (goat willow Salix caprea and common aspen Populus tremula) that survived mechanical mowing while growing under solar panels (in the foreground and background of the photo). Photo taken on 09 June 2023 in a solar park in Brandenburg, Germany, two and a half years after it was commissioned. Please note how many woody plants are growing in the background.

  
  Part of: Zaplata M (2025) Management and sustainability of ground-mounted solar parks requires consideration of vegetation succession as an omnipresent process. One Ecosystem 10: e141583. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.10.e141583